A comprehensive study by economists at MIT and Stanford has found that artificial intelligence has directly contributed to the elimination of approximately 5 million white-collar jobs in the United States since 2023. The research challenges earlier optimistic projections that AI would primarily augment rather than replace human workers.

The most affected occupations include customer service representatives, data entry clerks, bookkeepers, and paralegals. However, the study also found that AI has created roughly 2 million new jobs in areas like AI system training, prompt engineering, and AI ethics.

"The net job loss is concerning, but more troubling is the speed of displacement," said MIT economist Daron Acemoglu.